--- title: "DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie | Dutchify" description: "Complete gids over DKIM, SPF en DMARC e-mail authenticatie. Leer hoe je DNS records configureert, veelgemaakte fouten voorkomt en deliverability optimaliseert." lang: nl json-ld: | [ { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://dutchify.ai/#organization", "name": "Dutchify", "legalName": "Dutchify", "alternateName": [ "Dutchify.ai", "Dutchify AI" ], "url": "https://dutchify.ai", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://dutchify.ai/brand/logo-mark-512.png", "width": 512, "height": 512 }, "image": "https://dutchify.ai/brand/logo-mark-512.png", "email": "info@dutchify.ai", "telephone": "+31643858977", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "Schoolwerf 95", "postalCode": "1354 JJ", "addressLocality": "Almere", "addressRegion": "Flevoland", "addressCountry": "NL" }, "founder": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Roy Overbeek", "jobTitle": "Co-founder", "worksFor": { "@id": "https://dutchify.ai/#organization" } }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Sjoerd van der Meulen", "jobTitle": "Co-founder", "worksFor": { "@id": "https://dutchify.ai/#organization" } } ], "sameAs": [ "https://github.com/DutchifyAI", "https://www.linkedin.com/in/dutch-ify-4ab324405/", "https://www.reddit.com/user/DutchifyAI/" ] }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "TechArticle", "headline": "DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie", "name": "DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie", "description": "Complete gids over DKIM, SPF en DMARC e-mail authenticatie. 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Gevestigd in Almere.", "priceRange": "€€", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "Schoolwerf 95", "postalCode": "1354 JJ", "addressLocality": "Almere", "addressRegion": "Flevoland", "addressCountry": "NL" }, "geo": { "@type": "GeoCoordinates", "latitude": 52.3508, "longitude": 5.2647 }, "areaServed": [ { "@type": "Country", "name": "Netherlands" }, { "@type": "City", "name": "Almere" }, { "@type": "City", "name": "Amsterdam" }, { "@type": "City", "name": "Utrecht" }, { "@type": "AdministrativeArea", "name": "Flevoland" } ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "email": "info@dutchify.ai", "telephone": "+31643858977", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": [ "Dutch", "English" ], "areaServed": "NL" }, "sameAs": [ "https://github.com/DutchifyAI", "https://www.linkedin.com/in/dutch-ify-4ab324405/", "https://www.reddit.com/user/DutchifyAI/" ], "openingHoursSpecification": [ { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "09:00", "closes": "18:00" } ] }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "TechArticle", "headline": "DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie", "name": "DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie", "description": "Complete gids over DKIM, SPF en DMARC e-mail authenticatie. Leer hoe je DNS records configureert, veelgemaakte fouten voorkomt en deliverability optimaliseert.", "abstract": "Alles over e-mail authenticatie met DKIM, SPF en DMARC. Leer hoe deze protocollen samenwerken om je e-mail deliverability te beschermen en spoofing te voorkomen.", "articleSection": "E-mail Infrastructuur", "author": { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://dutchify.ai/#organization", "name": "Dutchify", "url": "https://dutchify.ai" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://dutchify.ai/#organization", "name": "Dutchify", "url": "https://dutchify.ai", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://dutchify.ai/brand/logo-mark-512.png", "width": 512, "height": 512 } }, "datePublished": "2026-04-10T06:07:09.905636+00:00", "dateModified": "2026-05-05T09:34:51.054739+00:00", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://dutchify.ai/kennisbank/dkim-spf-dmarc-email-authenticatie" }, "url": "https://dutchify.ai/kennisbank/dkim-spf-dmarc-email-authenticatie", "inLanguage": "nl-NL", "isAccessibleForFree": true, "about": [ { "@type": "Thing", "name": "DKIM" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "SPF" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "DMARC" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "E-mail Authenticatie" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "E-mail Beveiliging" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "DNS" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Deliverability" } ], "keywords": "DKIM, SPF, DMARC, E-mail Authenticatie, E-mail Beveiliging, DNS, Deliverability", "wordCount": 812, "timeRequired": "PT8M", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://pfdoizcxybdvdvpflnkn.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/avatars/knowledge%2Femail-authenticatie.jpg" }, "speakable": { "@type": "SpeakableSpecification", "cssSelector": [ ".article-headline", ".article-excerpt" ] } }, { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://dutchify.ai/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Kennisbank", "item": "https://dutchify.ai/kennisbank" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie", "item": "https://dutchify.ai/kennisbank/dkim-spf-dmarc-email-authenticatie" } ] } ] --- [Naar hoofdinhoud](#main-content) 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[Home ](/) 2. [Kennisbank ](/kennisbank) 3. DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie [Terug naar kennisbank](/kennisbank)[Read this article in English →](/en/knowledge-base/dkim-spf-dmarc-email-authentication) Algemeen Technisch # DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie Alles over e-mail authenticatie met DKIM, SPF en DMARC. Leer hoe deze protocollen samenwerken om je e-mail deliverability te beschermen en spoofing te voorkomen. Dutchify 10 april 2026 8 min leestijd Delen ![DKIM, SPF en DMARC: complete e-mail authenticatie](https://pfdoizcxybdvdvpflnkn.supabase.co/storage/v1/render/image/public/avatars/knowledge%2Femail-authenticatie.jpg?width=1200&quality=70&resize=cover) ### Inhoudsopgave [Waarom E-mail Authenticatie Cruciaal Is](#waarom-e-mail-authenticatie-cruciaal-is)[SPF (Sender Policy Framework)](#spf-sender-policy-framework)[Hoe SPF Werkt](#hoe-spf-werkt)[SPF DNS Record Voorbeeld](#spf-dns-record-voorbeeld)[Veelgemaakte SPF Fouten](#veelgemaakte-spf-fouten)[DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail)](#dkim-domainkeys-identified-mail)[Hoe DKIM Werkt](#hoe-dkim-werkt)[DKIM DNS Record Voorbeeld](#dkim-dns-record-voorbeeld)[DKIM Best Practices](#dkim-best-practices)[DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance)](#dmarc-domain-based-message-authentication-reporting-and-conformance)[DMARC DNS Record Voorbeeld](#dmarc-dns-record-voorbeeld)[DMARC Implementatie Stappenplan](#dmarc-implementatie-stappenplan)[Monitoring en Rapportage](#monitoring-en-rapportage)[DMARC Rapporten Lezen](#dmarc-rapporten-lezen)[Deliverability Monitoring](#deliverability-monitoring)[Veelgemaakte Fouten](#veelgemaakte-fouten)[De Drie Protocollen Samengevat](#de-drie-protocollen-samengevat)[Conclusie](#conclusie) E-mail authenticatie is geen luxe meer — het is een absolute noodzaak. Sinds februari 2024 vereisen Gmail en Yahoo dat bulk-verzenders SPF, DKIM én DMARC correct geconfigureerd hebben. Bij Dutchify configureren we deze protocollen voor al onze klanten als onderdeel van onze e-mail infrastructuur dienstverlening. ## Waarom E-mail Authenticatie Cruciaal Is Zonder correcte authenticatie: - Komen je e-mails in spam terecht - Kan je domein worden misbruikt voor phishing - Verlies je reputatie bij e-mail providers - Dalen je open rates en conversies E-mail authenticatie bestaat uit drie complementaire protocollen die samen een waterdichte bescherming bieden. ## SPF (Sender Policy Framework) SPF definieert welke mailservers namens jouw domein mogen verzenden. Het werkt via een DNS TXT-record. ### Hoe SPF Werkt 1. Je publiceert een SPF-record in je DNS 2. Ontvangende mailserver checkt of de verzendende server in het SPF-record staat 3. Als de server niet geautoriseerd is, kan de e-mail worden geweigerd ### SPF DNS Record Voorbeeld ```dns v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:sendgrid.net include:mailgun.org -all ``` **Uitleg van de mechanismen:** - `v=spf1` — Versie identifier - `include:` — Autoriseert de mailservers van een externe dienst - `ip4:` — Autoriseert een specifiek IP-adres - `-all` — Wijs alle andere servers af (hard fail) - `~all` — Soft fail (markeer als verdacht maar weiger niet) ### Veelgemaakte SPF Fouten 1. **Te veel DNS lookups:** SPF staat maximaal 10 DNS lookups toe. Elke `include:` telt als lookup. 2. **Vergeten diensten:** Alle systemen die e-mail verzenden moeten in het SPF-record staan. 3. **`+all` gebruiken:** Dit autoriseert iedereen — nooit doen! ## DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) DKIM voegt een cryptografische handtekening toe aan elke uitgaande e-mail. De ontvanger kan deze handtekening verifiëren met een publieke sleutel in je DNS. ### Hoe DKIM Werkt 1. **Signing:** Je mailserver ondertekent de e-mail met een private sleutel 2. **DNS Publicatie:** De bijbehorende publieke sleutel staat in een DNS TXT-record 3. **Verificatie:** De ontvanger haalt de publieke sleutel op en verifieert de handtekening ### DKIM DNS Record Voorbeeld ```dns selector1._domainkey.dutchify.ai TXT "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNA..." ``` **Record componenten:** - `selector1` — De selector die aangeeft welke sleutel te gebruiken - `_domainkey` — Vaste prefix voor DKIM records - `v=DKIM1` — DKIM versie - `k=rsa` — Het type cryptografie (RSA) - `p=` — De publieke sleutel (Base64 encoded) ### DKIM Best Practices - Gebruik 2048-bit RSA sleutels (minimaal) - Roteer sleutels periodiek (elke 6-12 maanden) - Configureer DKIM voor elke verzendende dienst apart - Test signatures met tools zoals mail-tester.com ## DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance) DMARC bouwt voort op SPF en DKIM en voegt beleid en rapportage toe. Het vertelt ontvangende mailservers wat ze moeten doen met e-mails die niet door SPF of DKIM-controle komen. ### DMARC DNS Record Voorbeeld ```dns _dmarc.dutchify.ai TXT "v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; rua=mailto:dmarc@dutchify.ai; ruf=mailto:dmarc-forensic@dutchify.ai; pct=100; adkim=s; aspf=s" ``` **Policy opties:** - `p=none` — Geen actie, alleen rapportage (start hier!) - `p=quarantine` — Verdachte e-mails naar spam - `p=reject` — Verdachte e-mails weigeren **Alignment modes:** - `adkim=r` (relaxed) of `adkim=s` (strict) — DKIM domain alignment - `aspf=r` (relaxed) of `aspf=s` (strict) — SPF domain alignment ### DMARC Implementatie Stappenplan 1. **Start met `p=none`** — Verzamel data zonder impact 2. **Analyseer rapporten** — Identificeer alle legitieme verzendende diensten 3. **Fix SPF en DKIM** — Zorg dat alle diensten correct geconfigureerd zijn 4. **Verhoog naar `p=quarantine`** — Begin met handhaving 5. **Einddoel: `p=reject`** — Volledige bescherming ## Monitoring en Rapportage ### DMARC Rapporten Lezen DMARC genereert twee soorten rapporten: - **Aggregate (rua):** Dagelijkse XML-rapporten met statistieken over alle e-mails - **Forensic (ruf):** Gedetailleerde rapporten over individuele gefaalde e-mails Gebruik tools zoals DMARC Analyzer, Postmark DMARC, of dmarcian om rapporten te visualiseren. ### Deliverability Monitoring Naast DMARC monitoring, adviseren we: - **Blacklist monitoring** — Check of je IP/domein op blacklists staat - **Inbox placement testing** — Test of e-mails daadwerkelijk in de inbox belanden - **Bounce rate tracking** — Monitor hard en soft bounces - **Reputation scoring** — Houd je sender reputation bij ## Veelgemaakte Fouten 1. **Direct naar `p=reject` gaan** — Begin altijd met `p=none` en bouw op 2. **Subdomeinen vergeten** — Configureer ook `sp=` voor subdomeinen 3. **Forwarding niet testen** — E-mail forwarding breekt vaak SPF 4. **Geen monitoring** — Zonder rapportage vlieg je blind 5. **Sleutels niet roteren** — Verouderde DKIM-sleutels zijn een beveiligingsrisico ## De Drie Protocollen Samengevat Protocol Functie DNS Record Doel SPF Autorisatie TXT op domein Wie mag versturen? DKIM Authenticatie TXT op selector.\_domainkey Is de e-mail ongewijzigd? DMARC Beleid + Rapportage TXT op \_dmarc Wat doen bij falen? ## Conclusie Correct geconfigureerde e-mail authenticatie is de basis van elke professionele e-mail infrastructuur. Bij Dutchify zorgen we ervoor dat SPF, DKIM en DMARC naadloos samenwerken, zodat jouw e-mails betrouwbaar aankomen en je domein beschermd is tegen misbruik. Neem contact op voor een gratis e-mail authenticatie audit. DKIM SPF DMARC E-mail Authenticatie E-mail Beveiliging DNS Deliverability ### Relevante diensten Hulp nodig bij dit onderwerp? Bekijk hoe wij dit aanpakken. - [Complete websites ](/diensten/complete-websites) - [AI & automatisering ](/diensten/ai-automatisering) ## Klaar om te beginnen? Vertel ons over je project en wij nemen binnen 24 uur contact met je op voor een vrijblijvend gesprek. [Neem contact op](/contact) ![](data:image/png;base64,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) Dutchify Development met een business mindset. 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